To list file permissions in octal format, use stat command provided by the coreutils package. To get octal permissions of all the files and directories in the current working directory, run below command:

$ stat -c "%a %n" *

To get octal permissions of contents in a particular directory, say /usr/share, execute below command:

$ stat -c "%a %n" /usr/share/*
755 /usr/share/FirmwareUpdateKit
755 /usr/share/PackageKit
755 /usr/share/PolicyKit
755 /usr/share/X11
755 /usr/share/YaST2
....

To get octal permissions only for the directory, say /usr/share, and not the content inside it, execute below command:

$ stat -c "%a %n" /usr/share/
755 /usr/share/

$ stat -c "%a %n" /tmp
1777 /tmp
$